Lincoln Douglas Debates

string(27) numerous other focal banks. College of International Business and Economics China and USA: An examination of their Monetary Policies. Mid-term Project School of International Trade and Economics BY Rebecca Bogiri Professor: LIN GUIJIN Beijing, China 2 December 2009 China and USA: A correlation of their Monetary Policies. By: Rebecca Bogiri December 2009 Abstract The money related strategies of USA and China is examined here from the point of view of their actualizing bodies, their selection of instruments, and their methods for setting their loan costs. We will compose a custom exposition test on China and Usa: a Comparison of Their Monetary Policies or then again any comparable point just for you Request Now The investigation uncovers that there are gigantic contrasts between the two nations coming about because of the nature and level of impact from their separate local political frameworks. The paper presumes that China has a complex political economy that speaks to a half and half of private possession and state control. In this way not at all like the USA, its money related arrangements are dependent upon political impact. Watchwords: Monetary strategy; Monetary approach instruments; Balance Sheet; China; USA Author’s email: becky. bogiri@gmail. com ContentsPage Abstract †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 1 Presentation †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 USA Monetary Policy †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 China Monetary Policy †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 7 Comparison of China and USA’s money related strategies †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 9 Conclusion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 10 References †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 11 1. Presentation Monetary Policy is the procedure by which the administration, national bank, or financial authority of a nation controls (1) the flexibly of cash, (2) the accessibility of cash, and (3) the loan cost, so as to achieve a lot of targets situated towards the development and soundness of the economy. This paper alludes the above topic to two nations: China and USA. In that capacity, there are three expansive destinations. The first is to examine money related approach for the most part as did in the USA. The second is to examine money related arrangement for the most part as it is completed in China. The third is to think about and break down the manner in which fiscal strategy is executed in the two nations. 2. USA Monetary Policy How is the Federal Reserve organized? The Federal Reserve System (called the Fed, for short) is the nation’s national bank. It was set up by the Federal Reserve Act[1] and comprises of the Board of Governors in Washington, D. C. , and twelve Federal Reserve District Banks. The Congress organized the Fed to be autonomous inside the administration. Thusly despite the fact that the Fed is responsible to the Congress and its objectives are set by law, its direct of financial arrangement is protected from everyday political weights. This mirrors the conviction that the individuals who control the country’s cash gracefully ought to be autonomous of the individuals who outline the government’s spending choices. What makes the Fed autonomous? Three basic highlights give the Fed autonomy in its direct of fiscal approach: the arrangement system for Governors, the arrangement technique for Reserve Bank Presidents, and financing. Arrangement strategy for Governors: The seven Governors on the Federal Reserve Board are selected by the President of the United States and affirmed by the Senate. Autonomy gets from a few elements: first, the arrangements are stumbled to lessen the opportunity that a solitary U. S. President could â€Å"load† the Board with nominees; second, their terms of office are 14 yearsâ€much longer than chose officials’ terms. Arrangement methodology for Reserve Bank Presidents: Each Reserve Bank President is selected to a five-year term by that Bank’s Board of Directors, subject to definite endorsement by the Board of Governors. This strategy adds to autonomy in light of the fact that the Directors of each Reserve Bank are not picked by government officials however are chosen to give a cross-segment of premiums inside the area, including those of vault establishments, nonfinancial organizations, work, and people in general. Funding: The Fed is organized to act naturally adequate as in it meets its working costs essentially from the premium income on its arrangement of protections. In this way, it is autonomous of Congressional choices about apportionments. How is the Fed â€Å"independent inside the government†? Despite the fact that the Fed is autonomous of Congressional allotments and authoritative control, it is eventually responsible to Congress and goes under government review and survey. Taken care of authorities report consistently to the Congress on money related strategy, administrative approach, and an assortment of different issues, and they meet with senior Administration authorities to examine the Federal Reserve’s and the bureaucratic government’s monetary projects. The Fed additionally reports to Congress on its funds. Who makes money related approach? The Fed’s FOMC (Federal Open Market Committee) has essential duty regarding directing money related approach. The FOMC meets in Washington eight times each year and has twelve individuals: the seven individuals from the Board of Governors, the President of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, and four of the other Reserve Bank Presidents, who serve in turn. The rest of the Reserve Bank Presidents add to the Committee’s conversations and considerations. Furthermore, the Directors of each Reserve Bank add to money related strategy by making suggestions about the fitting rebate rate, which are dependent upon conclusive endorsement by the Governors. Goal of Monetary arrangement Monetary strategy has two essential objectives: to advance â€Å"maximum† reasonable yield and business and to advance â€Å"stable† costs. These objectives are recommended in a 1977 change to the Federal Reserve Act. Over the long haul, the measure of products and enterprises the economy produces (yield) and the quantity of occupations it creates (business) both rely upon factors other than financial strategy. These elements incorporate innovation and people’s inclinations for sparing, hazard, and work exertion. In this way, most extreme reasonable yield and business mean the levels reliable with these elements over the long haul. In any case, the economy experiences business cycles in which yield and work are above or beneath their since quite a while ago run levels. Despite the fact that money related strategy can’t influence either yield or work over the long haul, it can influence them in the short run. For instance, when request debilitates and there’s a downturn, the Fed can invigorate the economy briefly and help push it back toward its since quite a while ago show level of yield to bringing down loan fees. That’s why balancing out the economy, or streamlining the pinnacles and valleys in yield and work around their since quite a while ago run development pathsâ€is a key short-run objective for the Fed and numerous other national banks. You read China and Usa: a Comparison of Their Monetary Policies in classification Papers USA Federal Reserve †Balance Sheet |ASSETS |LIABILITIES |Gold and Foreign Exchange |Currency | |Held by open | |Vault money | |Federal Reserve Credit |Bank Deposits | |Loans Discounts | |Government Securities | |Other credits | Source: Federal Reserve Bulletin, May 1996. Fiscal strategy instruments The Federal Reserve has three instruments for controlling the cash flexibly. They are: 1. Open Market Operations 2. The rebate rate; and 3. Th e necessary hold proportion. When utilizing Open market tasks, the Fed purchases or offers government protections to influence the degree of the cash gracefully. For instance, if the Fed wishes to build the cash flexibly by $2 million, it will buy government protections worth $ 2 million. The Fed’s resources increment by $ 2 million under the protections heading. So as to pay for the administration security, the Fed composes a mind itself. As an end-result of the bond, the dealer gets a check training the Fed to pay the vender $ 2 million. The vender at that point takes the check to his bank, which acknowledges the contributor for $ 2 million, and afterward stores the check at the Fed. The bank has a record with the Fed, which is presently credited with $ 2 million. Consequently the Fed’s liabilities increment by $ 2 million under the heading of bank stores, as the business bank has quite recently expanded its stores by $ 2 million which are held by the main case as a store at the Fed. Another financial approach instrument used to influence the degree of the cash gracefully is the Discount rate, which is the loan cost charged by the Fed to banks that get from it to impermanent requirements for holds. Expanding the markdown rate demoralizes banks from getting from the Fed, while bringing down the rate urges banks to acquire from the Fed a

How to communicate the gospel to the youth effectively Research Proposal

Step by step instructions to impart the gospel to the young adequately - Research Proposal Example The young structures a basic gathering in the cutting edge church and the contemporary society. Not at all like before, the contemporary youth express their clear quest for a reason throughout everyday life. With the expanding impact of the mainstream society advanced by various media shapes, the congregation has a basic obligation in guaranteeing that the adolescent discovers heading from God through the congregation. Modem day evangelists need to embrace techniques that are speaking to the young. Youngsters have changing necessities from different gatherings in the congregation. A significant number of the youngsters face character emergencies during their high school years and early adulthood. Thusly, evangelists need to guarantee that they lecture the gospel to the adolescent viably. God’s word can shape the life of a person and change their recognitions. In this way, present day youth can depend on the Gospel for an ability to know east from west and reason throughout eve ryday life. Be that as it may, this is just conceivable if ministers can arrive at the adolescent successfully utilizing the most suitable methodologies. Issue Statement Numerous creators have focused on the developing needs of the young in the cutting edge society. The young has been a center gathering in numerous investigations. Be that as it may, none of the examinations have characterized the best investigations of imparting the gospel to the adolescent. It is of basic significance to comprehend the powerful systems for imparting the gospel to the adolescent with the goal that it can start to change their lives during their more youthful years. As per scriptural lessons, particularly in the book of Proverbs, the young have a superior possibility of taking part completely in the administration of God since they are loaded with vitality.

Exercise Options for Stressed and Busy People

Exercise Options for Stressed and Busy People Stress Management Management Techniques Physical Techniques Print Exercise for Energy: Get More out Of Your Day By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Updated on June 24, 2019 Managing stress with exercise can be very doable, even if youre stressed and busy. Mike Kemp/ Getty Images More in Stress Management Management Techniques Physical Techniques Relaxation Time Management Effects on Health Situational Stress Job Stress Household Stress Relationship Stress If you’re like most of us, you may wish you had more time in the day. While I can’t offer you a 25-hour day, I can offer a strategy for increasing your energy so that you can make the most of the time you do haveâ€"get regular exercise. Sound easier said than done? The following tips are designed for stressed and busy people who want to sneak in activity to rev up their energy and get more out of their waking hours. Walk During Lunch If you dont have time to go to a gym once a day, you can save time by bringing workout shoes to the office and walking during your lunch break. You likely wont get as sweaty as you would if you were doing more strenuous exercise, and youll get a good workout without taking much time out of your schedule.   Track Your Exercise In that vein, theres a simple and convenient tool for working exercise into your day: a Fitbit pedometer. Carrying a monitor that measures how many steps you take in a day doesnt automatically get you extra exercise, but it helps you track your daily step count, and keep your mind on how much youre physically moving, and that alone can be a motivational tool to help you move more. First, see how much you walk in a day without trying to increase your step countâ€"then see if you can raise the number of steps you take by 500 or 1000. You can get creative and find new ways to work additional steps into your day, including joining challenge groups and expect your cardio output to naturally rise. Fitness trackers can be used in other ways to promote stress reliefâ€"to track sleep and ensure you get a healthy amount, to use social support to help you stay on-target with your goals, and to track your weight, for exampleâ€"so they are highly recommended!   Get Some Class  or Create a Morning Routine Find a sport you like, and take a class. If you put it into your schedule, youll be less likely to skip the workouts. Plus, officially carving out the time helps you prevent pushing exercise off by the wayside. (Think of it like an office meeting you cant skip out on.) Finally, if its an activity you enjoy, this in itself will feel like a stress reliever--youll feel that youre doing something for yourself, for your own peace of mind, and that can make a busy day of doing necessary tasks for others more bearable and less stressful, too. Its a great idea to do yoga in the morning. You can sneak in a good workout and score the serenity and other benefits yoga provides at the same time. Doing yoga before your morning shower can become a part of your routine that doesn’t take up too much additional timeâ€"you can even do it in your pajamas. Studies show that several mini-workouts can be as effective as one big one in terms of cardiovascular and overall health benefits. If you have a full, busy schedule, you may find it much easier to split your workout into smaller chunks. If your work day is long, breaking up the day with several 10-minute workouts can even wake you up and make you more productive. Bottom Line If you’re busy, you may feel you can’t afford to spend time exercising. But the truth is, you really can’t afford not to. Not only will exercise give you more energy to accomplish things and help you relieve stress, it can improve your overall health in important ways. The important thing to remember about exercise when you’re stressed and busy is to be as efficient with your workouts as possible. You can also create energy by: Getting Quality SleepExercising RegularlyCutting Down on CaffeineDeveloping a Can Do Attitude

Rhetorical Analysis Of George W. Bush s Speech - 1364 Words

Rhetorical Analysis: 9/11 Address to the Nation When reading and watching our former president George W. Bush’s 9/11 Address to the Nation I found the speech to be ineffective. George W. Bush was president at the time of the 9/11 attacks, his speech started and ended efficiently with the appeal to pathos. Though its lack of logos overlooked this and made his speech unsuccessful. This essay will examine the President’s use of rhetorical appeals and how his speech was made for failure. In George W. Bush’s speech, he builds his credibility by connecting the audience’s shared values. One of those shared values are the uses of the pronoun â€Å"our.† For example, â€Å"Our Country is strong.† He uses the pronoun o show that he is just like everyone else†¦show more content†¦Also using ethos George W. Bush took the initiative to include a bible verse Psalm 23 and spoke of being comforted by a â€Å"Power greater than any of us.† He then states that God is with us, standing by the Americans though this horrible time. He also tried to appeal to our sense of patriotism and also tried to show his sympathetic side by talking about how great our country is and how it will not â€Å"dent the steel of American resolve† or even â€Å"touch our foundation.† With this speech’s strong appeal to pathos, it effectively drew an emotional response from the audience and they felt the hurt that the ones who lost loved ones in the attack were feeling. George W. Bush felt that his audience respected and believed in him as the President of the United States of America and the Commander in Chief and that’s why he tried to use ethos. George W. Bush appeals to the audiences emotions by describing his feelings. He uses negative, victimized language to show Americans that he feels what they are also feeling. Bush also tried to show his knowledge of the complexities of the situation by giving examples of how many people were victims of the attack. The overall speech was vague, in order to be successful in makingShow MoreRelatedGeorge W Bush s Presidency Essay2151 Words   |  9 PagesGeorge W Bush’s presidency can be associated with an infamous term that stood out from the State of the Union address, that term being ‘Axis of Evil’. In this context, Bush categorised the countries of Iran, Iraq and North Korea as being ‘evil’ states. This neoconservative comment left li ttle doubt as to what Bush’s foreign policy towards these states was going be (Baxter and Akbarzadeh, 2008). This comment would then define George W Bush’s presidency, due to the controversy over this phrase andRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Bill Clinton s Nomination Speech1566 Words   |  7 PagesA rhetorical analysis of Bill Clinton’s Nomination Speech In a world of politics, many politicians are involved in negative campaigns and as a result healthy conversation among politicians often lead to a disaster. With the endless political news cycles, rhetoric is essential for politicians to deliver their speeches. Therefore, in this essay, the style and delivery of Bill Clinton’s speech at the Democratic National Convention will be examined. It will be using the three main appeals of Aristotle’sRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of John F. Kennedy s Inaugural Address Essay1566 Words   |  7 PagesBUT FREEDOM: Rhetorical Analysis of John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address Tanner A. 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Essay on Personal Narrative- Living for God - 754 Words

Personal Narrative- Living for God As I was driving into the church parking lot I had to take a deep breath. After leaving another frustrating day at school and then going to work right afterwards, I needed to calm myself down. I looked in the rear view mirror one more time to make sure I looked halfway presentable. I fixed my wind-blown hair by pulling it back in a high ponytail and put on some Burt’s Bees lip balm before exiting the car. I grabbed my Bible and notebook and locked the doors. As I walked towards the youth building a wave of comfort washed over me. I love the feeling I get every time I step into the youth room at my church. It’s a reassuring feeling that, no matter what I’ve been through during the day, everything†¦show more content†¦We walk into the room, giggling and laughing at absolutely nothing. Then out of nowhere I hear, Oh, my gosh in a deep, thick, country accent that carries for miles. I look over and I see a tall, dark and handsome fellow, with a John Deere hat on the top and well-worn boots on the bottom. Jason, I thought to myself. I turned and had to laugh out loud, even before he says anything, because he always makes me laugh. As we goof around waiting for things to get started, Michael, the worship leader of the youth band, starts playing and that is a sign for everyone to get to his or her seats. We start singing and I realize that my mind is somewhere else. I stop and ask God to help me regain focus because I know I need to concentrate on Him. I try to settle my mind, but it just keeps wandering. I take one more deep breath, and as the last song is ending, I plead with God to be with me tonight and help me focus on Him. Our youth pastor, Lenny, gets up on the stage and I take one last deep breath and as I settle into my chair, it happens. As Lenny is teaching, he says some of the most memorable words I have ever heard. In his most passionate voice he describes a conversation he had with God. I was talking to God one night, telling Him I wanted to do amazing things. Things that had never been done before. And He told me that, in order to do that, I would have toShow MoreRelatedFaith, Morals, Ethics And Cultural Values1077 Words   |  5 Pages In the same way the Bible is the story of God that has the power to transform our lives. The captivating and transforming power of story in preaching forms the foundation of Dan Boone s Preaching the Story that Shapes Us. Dr. Boone shares why he believes that narrative preaching is the best way to preach the story of God that lead to congregants having transforming encounters with God. 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Self-Reliance, is considered to be a short narrative that gives the audience a â€Å"pep talk on life,† which gives each individual support and a manual on how to live for those who seek to be individuals in a mass society. Ralph Waldo Emerson, wrote Self-Reliance for thoseRead MoreIn the article, Genesis book of, describes how potential controversial indication that is found by800 Words   |  4 Pagescontroversial within the genesis book such as text, sources, narratives, the patriarchs and the history, etc. These details however can be controversial to conventional and traditional supporters that have been powerfully believe in the earliest explanations of the origins of the bible. In the book of Genesis, the text and author of the book was expected to be written everything by one person because of the Hebrew word as a result of a devoted to god. The articles says, â€Å"Textual variants is the glosses

A Case Against Deceptive Advertising Free Essays

Verizon Wireless, a joint ownership of Verizon Communications Inc. and the Vodafone Group PLC, had sold laptop cards with limited capabilities for wireless Internet access. For $59. We will write a custom essay sample on A Case Against Deceptive Advertising or any similar topic only for you Order Now 99 the company was offering an â€Å"unlimited monthly usage plan,† despite the fact that the service had limitations (Sharma Cheng, 2007).   Customers were not able to use their laptop cards for â€Å"high bandwidth activities,† for example, to download movies (Sharma Cheng).   Moreover, Verizon Wireless had not mentioned the limitations of its laptop cards in advertisements (Sharma Cheng). Following an investigation by the State Attorney of New York, Verizon Wireless was required not only to agree to change its â€Å"‘unlimited’ advertising† of the wireless broadband service, but also to reimburse the customers with $1 million in all (Sharma Cheng).   Besides, the company was required to pay $150,000 in fees and penalties to New York.   Verizon Wireless agreed to meet all of the legal conditions (Sharma Cheng). Critique The case of the laptop cards sold by Verizon Wireless concerned deceptive advertising.   The company had referred to its service as an unlimited plan in spite of its limitations.   Customers should have been informed about the limitations before they purchased the service. Thankfully, the New York State Attorney intervened to compel the company to reimburse the customers.   As a matter of fact, this aspect of business law is vital for consumer protection against company fraud. Deceptive advertising includes misrepresentation and omission.   Perhaps Verizon Wireless had mistakenly omitted the limitations of its service in its advertising.   Nevertheless, it was required to pay for its mistake. This serves as a warning for all companies in the U.S.   Furthermore, the business regulatory departments around the country must continue to evaluate all advertisements seeing that imperfect information is a source of market failure. References Sharma, A., Cheng, R. (2007, Oct 24). Verizon Wireless Reaches Deal in Marketing Probe. The Wall Street Journal, pp. B5. How to cite A Case Against Deceptive Advertising, Papers

Movie Novelizations Gone Wrong, or Plagiarism Red Heat of the 90s

Have you ever wondered Whats in the head of John Matrix as he rows his inflatable boat?What does Robocops inner self look like?Or, about how tight a ninja suit is for an American soldier?If so (certainly, not), neither Commando nor RoboCop or American Ninja movies will help you find the answer. Literature will.As it turns out, such literature exists:Novelization is an attempt to translate popular movies plots into the fictional prose language.Take a look.Novelizing movies is less popular today. Unlike a million strong runs of Star Wars and Alien in the 70s, only top 20 movie bestsellers turn into books today. Yet, socko still happens. For example, the novelization of Godzilla, that was featured in The New York Times Best Seller List for mass-market paperbacks.Everything was different 20 years ago. The media tie-in book market was humming.And not only in the USA.Churn n Burn Novelizations of Hollywood Top BestsellersBook, video game, and cinema businesses looking to capitalize off a g iant hit often skate the rules when it comes to surplus profit. But there were also cases when the rules were entirely thrown out.To solve a daring crime of copyright abuse, well need the help of Marty McFly and Dr. Emmett Brown to travel in time:Destination: any survivor country of the former USSRTime: the 90sSoundtrack: plucking a balalaika slowly, gradually revving upRules: no rulesBears and vodka to tasteWelcome to the bookish helldorado, the brave new world of the post-USSR business wheeler-dealers. The world without rules and controls, with no borders or boundaries. The world where anything is possible.Where you can:Take a blockbuster, blown by local video rental shops and video rooms (small room packed with TV, VCR and seats).Assign cheap writers to copy the movie frame by frame, enhancing its familiar (stolen) storyline with their imagination.Coin an English-like pen name.Wrap it up in a jazzy cover with recognizable characters/actors on its front fly-leaf.Entitle it like a boss (Hollywood Bestsellers, for example), launching an edition of over 100500 copies.Bring it to local bookstores.Wait for the cash flow to roll in.Here they are, all in one place:You are what you read, so be careful.From the Mouth of WitnessesLocal bloggers remember those times (translated from Russian): in the 90s, together with 3-4 people, we took part in writing books after American (DYNASTY) and Mexican TV series. As for iconic movies such as Twin Peaks, Alien, etc., their bookish versions were being created by trophy writers: Henry Lion Oldie, Andrii Bliznetsov, Mykola YutanovRussia published more books after X-Files series than the USA and other countries all together.the story goes on, and, lets say, J. K. Rowlings Harry Potter, has dozens of analogs in Russian, starting from Dmitri Yemets series about Tanya Grotter and ending with Julia Voznesenskayas attempts to create the image of a young orthodox witch. Bridget Joness Diary (Helen Fielding) was so successful that it spi rited the Amphora publishing house to make The New Russians Diary series. Its author Elena Kolina is sure her work is better than original because our protagonist has wider interests. Her relations with adults are deeper, she is interested in politics, and read something all the time.In the early 90s, when video cassette recorders were attributes of the rich and rumors had it about cool movies of Hollywood, some handymen generated a truly awesome idea: people read a lot, so it was decided to novelize all Hollywood bestsellers. People couldnt help buying books with Schwarzenegger, Willis, Murphy, Seagal, and other Hollywood actors on covers. They read about aliens, terrorists, and superheroes, which made such literature even glossier. My father had bought about 30 books of this series, and I galloped through most of them. Thus, being a 12-year-old boy, I READ many blockbusters before I watched them And who are Arch Stranton and other authors not even mentioned as scriptwriters of tho se movies? I dare say they are pen names of ghost writers who turned all those popular movies into literary language.Certainly, it wasnt first or last time someone tried to steal an idea and make money from someone elses talent or brand. For example, many know the cases of Alexander Volkovs  The Wizard of the Emerald City (Wizard of Oz spinoff) and Aleksey Tolstoys The Golden Key, or the Adventures of Buratino (interpretation of Pinocchio).But this Hollywood Bestsellers series is simply beautiful in its weird plagiarized way:Production values were low.Some books were like two peas in a pod with movies, copied word for word without reference to existing official novelizations that could be translated from English.The books were filled with odd design and illustrations:The publishers asked readers to vote for the next movie to a book. From a book cover: write to us, and well turn a movie into a book.Circulation was astonishing:100,000 150,000 copies of each bookwholesale and local offices across the CISThe surreal fact you still can buy those books in the biggest online shops:on amazon.co.ukon amazon.comon ozonru.comRun plagiarist, run. Crime solved (after 23 years)You want proofs. Nuff said. It would be funny to find a movie version of a book based on a film made after a book itself. I think such works would find their fans, too.Trashy books deserve to exist somewhere in a row between Batmans mask and The Avengers poster. But why to make them even trashier? The ugly truth is, people buy.At least, they read.